ANIMATION (from Lat. Multiplicatio - multiplication), the personnel filming in which to record successive phases of motion drawing (graphic animations) or volume (volume animation) objects.
In the film projection filmed the movie so the viewer has the illusion of movement when shooting stationary objects.
The rate of transition from one image to others at this is that due to the inertia of the visual impression of a picture does not have time to disappear, as it took the other, with a new phase of motion, as if superimposed on the previous, thus creating the impression of a single moving image, such as a galloping horse.
When you create an animated film movement of the subject studied, broken up into separate sequentially changing the phase, which are then presented in the form of individual images, or the provisions of the object (eg, dolls) and in the same order of filming apparatus remove the film. Speed, rhythm and pause in the movement depend on the number of phases or recordable images attributed to each phase of the movement. Duration of movement, which must be shown on the screen, pre-determined timing. In determining the number of drawings and nature of the image next phase of the movement is taken into account the frequency of film projection. Art animation - a complex and time-consuming process, effected by a large group. To take one part of the animated feature film produced about 15-18 thousand identical to the technique of execution drawings, transmitting the successive phases of movement. Drawings made on a standard sheet of transparent celluloid film and, in turn placed on the table of the machine and remove the multiplier unit filming on film. Three different pin on the machine table and the corresponding holes in the celluloid sheets for accurate alignment of one image to another.
The use of transparent material allows you to shoot a combined image, making it out of multiple images superimposed on one another over a picture background. The principle of hand-drawn animation and the volume is used in the formulation of Art.
Animated films, as well as in training or educational films for the imaginative display of machinery, invisible process of moving diagrams, graphs, etc., in feature films for "self writing" signs, traffic models with a combined shooting and etc.
Application of techniques of animation and movie fans are available. The easiest way is flat puppets.
In this case, hand-drawn characters are made in the form of cut out construction paper shapes, some elements of which (eg, head, hands and feet) are connected with the body of a rubber band or wire that allows the next frame before shooting to give details of the shape the new position.
Available as amateurs the bulk of animation techniques using puppets, assembled on a flexible or articulated frame, which allows you to change their position according to the nature and pace of movement on the screen.